AGNI (According to Ayurveda)

being one of the panchamahabhoota, has the characteristic that it cannot exist without a base. In the body it exists in pitta dosha.
Agni is responsible for the following functions:
Digestion - indigestion (Pakti- Apakti)
Vision- absence of vision (Darshanam- Adarshanam)
Degree of heat (Matra- Amatratvamushmanala)
Normal -abnormal complexion (Prakrit - Vikarit varnam)
Prowess- fear (Shaurya- Bhaya)
Anger - exholoration (krodham- Harsham)
Confusion- clarity of mind (Moha- Prasadan)

Classification 1

TYPES OF AGNIS

For the metabolic processes in the body, there are three main groups of biological factors, probably exhibiting enzymatic functions (agnis).

1. Jadharaagni
2. Dhatwagni
3. Bhootagni
Jadharaagni or Koshtaagni:
Present in the pachak pitta. It is responsible for the digestion and the absorption of nutritious substances during this process.The process of digestion (ahar pachan) is divided in three stages, which collectively is called awastha paka and can be divided in the following.
· Amavstha (Madhuravastha) Paka - in stomach
· Pachymanavastha (Amlavstha) Paka - in 'grahani' (Duodenum)
· Pakavstha (Katuavstha) Paka - in small and large intestine
As the rasa changes in different phase of digestion, these phase of digestion are called avsthapaka. At the end of the digestion the digested food have their original rasa which is in accordance with the rasa of the ingested food. This is called as Nistha paka .It is also called popularly as Vipaka.
According to ashtanga hridaya the relation of rasas with vipaaka is as shown below.
Madhur rasa & Lavan rasa →Madhura Vipaka,
Amla rasa →amla vipaka
Katu, Tikta & Kashaya rasa →Katu vipaka.

Panchabhutagnis :
In ayurveda it is believed that everything is made up of five elements and so is the body. These five elements are the panchmahabhoota and are responsible for constituting every living being in the world. Agni transforms the Asharir Mahabhoota (external mahabhoot) to Sharir Mahabhoota. Example - When we drink water Jala Mahabhoota (water) dominates and later the water is transformed by Jala Mahabhoota agni to the Sharir Jala Containing five types of biological factors, it is responsible for the processing of the five basic elements into a composition useful to the body.

Dhatvagnis :
The third group contains seven types, each for the assimilation of the seven tissues This assimilation takes place successively. From the absorbed nutritious substance, plasma (rasa) is produced first; from plasma, blood (rakta) is formed, then muscular tissue (mamsa), adipose tissue (meda), bony tissue (asthi), bone marrow (majjan) and the reproductive cells (shukra).
Besides performing all the metabolic functions agni takes care of digestion (ahar pachan) and in the absence of ahar it acts on the ama pachan i.e. properly metabolize the improper metabolites. When ahar and ama are absence Agni does the function of dhatu i.e. rasa, rakta etc. Digestion of dhatu is a fatal condition in which dhatus are broken down to get energy. The reduction or deficiency of the quantum of dhatu in the human body leads to the disease called 'Kshaya roga'. In ayurveda it is believed that all the pathology occurs due to the impairment in Agni (Kaya). Hence the correction of Kaya i.e. Agni is called the treatment or 'Kaya Chikitsa' in ayurveda

Classification 2

Agnis are also classified into four categories according to how they manifest in the human being:
Tikshnagni -sharp,
Mandagni - mild,
Vishamagni - irregular, and
Samagni - regular or Balanced.

PANCHA VATHA

Vatha

Gunas:
According to Vagbhata the similar features (Samana gunas) of vatha are Rooksha, Lakhu, Seetha, Khara, Sookshma and Chala.

Sthaanam of vatha:
· Pakwasaya( visesha sthaanam)
· Kadee
· Sakthi
· Srotram
· AsthiSprsanendriyam

Samavastha
Utsaha
Uchvasa
Niswasa
Cheshta
Vega pravarthanam
Dhadunam samyak gatya

Increased
Karsya
Karshnya
Ushnakamitwa
Kampa
Anaha
Sakrut graham
Bala bramsa
Nidra bramsa
Indriya bramsa
Pralapa
Bhrama
Deenatha

Decreased
Anga sadam
Alpa bhashitham
Hitham
Samjna moham
Agni sadanam
Prasekam
Alasyam
Gauravam
Swaitya
Saitya
Sladhangatwam
Swasa
Kasa
Athi nidratha

Vitiates in normal:
*At old age
*Late night
*At the end of food

Seasonal changes:
Chayam - Greeshmam
Prakopam - Varsham
Samam - Sarath

Types of vatha and its functions(According to Vagbhata):

1 Name of vatha Prana vatha
Sthanam Moordha
Place of moving

. Uras

. Kanda
Function

· Budhi, hridaya, indriya, chitha-drik
· Steevanam
· Kshavadhu
· Udgara
· NiswasamAnna pravesakrit

2 Name of vatha Udana vatha
Sthanam Uras
Places of moving

· Nasa
· Nabhi
· Galan

Functions
· Vak
· Pravruthi
· Praytnam
· Urjam
· Bala
· Varna
· Smruthi kriya

3 Name of vatha Vyana vatha
Place of vatha Hridayam
Place of moving

· Kritsna dehachari

Functions
· Maha java:
· Gathi
· Avkshepana
· Ulkshepana
· Nimesha
· Unmesha
· Sareearja kriya

4 Name of vatha Samana vatha
place of vatha Agni sameepastha
Place of moving

· Koshte charanam

Functions
· Anna gruhanam
· Anna pachanam
· Anna vivechana

5 Name of vatha Apana vatha
Place of vatha Upanam
Places of moving

· Sroni
· Vasthi
· Medra
· Uru

Functions
· Sukra nishkramanam
· Arthava nishkramanam
· Sakrut nishkramanam
· Mootra nishkramanam
· garbha nishkramanam

· “Pitham pangu kapham pangu pangavo mala dhathavaha
vayuna yatra neeyanthe tatra gachanthi meghavat”

· “Tatra rooksho laghu seethe khara sookshma chalo anila:”
· “tam chala: ulsahochwasa nisawasa cheshta vega pravarthanai:
samyak gatya cha dhadoonam akshanam padavena cha
anugrahanathi
· “………vridhasthu kuruthe∫nila:
karsya karshnya ushnakamitwa kampa∫∫naha sakrut graham
bala nidrendriyabramsa pralapa bhrama dheenatha
· “lingam ksheenenile∫ngasya sado∫lpam bhashide hitham
samjna mohasthada sleshma vridhyukthamaya sambhava:
· “Vayo: ratri bhukthanam te antha madyadika: smrutha”
· “Chaya prakopa prasama vayorgreeshmadishu trishu
varshadishu cha pithasya sleshmana sisiradishu”